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International Journal of Social Sciences & Economic Environment

WELLNESS, HAPPINESS OF WOMEN IN CONTEXT OF FAMILY STRUCTURE, INCOME GENERATION ACTIVITIES IN REMOTE RURAL, TRIBAL COMMUNITIES

Chhabra S*, Kumar N**

*Emeritus Professor, Obstetrics Gynaecology, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sevagram. Officer On Special Duty, Dr. Sushila Nayar Hospital, Utavali, Melghat, Amravati. Chief Executive Officer, Aakanksha Shishugruha, Sevagram Kasturba Health Society, Sevagram, Wardha, Maharashtra, India ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1994-3474

**Associate Professor, Obstetrics and Gynecology All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad Metropolitan Region, Telangana, India. ORCID number: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5970-6935

DOI : http://doi.org/10.53882/IJSSEE.2024.0901001 Page No : 01-15

Published Online : 2024-06-30

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Aim of the study: Community-based study was conducted amongst rural, women of reproductive age to know about wellness in context of family structure, income generation activities.

Design/Methodology: Cross-sectional analytic study, women between ≥ 20 to ≤ 49 years, from 140 villages around village with health facility.

Findings: Educated, working and higher economic class women had smaller family size compared to low-educated, non- working, or non-skilled workers with low economic class. Educated, upper-economic-class women had smaller families with decision-making power related to basic needs, but less were happy. None of graduates, upper-class women, were happy with life. Big number seemed to be happy with whatever they had. Majority desired health facilities (50.4%) treatment (49.6%) at local health facilities, beneficiary schemes of government (50.6%) for everyone, and corruption-free government (48.8%).

Practical Implications: Present study reveals impact of education, employment, economic status on family size, satisfaction, happiness of rural women.

Originality/value: Study, one of its kind conducted in remote villages in hilly, forestry region, revealed impact of education, employment, economic status on overall happiness of women, desires related to basic needs of life from local, state governments.

REFERENCES

Acharya, D. R., Bell, J. S., Simkhada, P., van Teijlingen, E. R., & Regmi, P. R. (2010). Women's autonomy in household decision-making: a demographic study in Nepal. Reproductive health, 7, 15. https://doi.org/10.1186/1742-4755-7-15.
Agrawal, A., & Khare, P. (2019). Social Entrepreneurship in India: Models and Application. In E. Bidet, & J. Defourny (Eds.), Social Enterprise in Asia: Theory, Models and Practice (pp. 56-78). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429265761-4
Biswas, S., Hansda, C.K., Singh, N., Malla, V.R., &Pal, A.K. (2022). Determinants of nutritional status among scheduled tribe women in India. Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health, 17, 101119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cegh.2022.101119.
Cerin, E., Zhang, C. J. P., Mellecker, R. R., Ming, W. K., & Barnett, A. (2023). Socioeconomic characteristics and domestic work as correlates of family satisfaction in Hong Kong mothers of young children. BMC public health, 23(1), 2196. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-17129-x
Chen, J., & Yang, H. (2016). Geographical Mobility, Income, Life Satisfaction and Family Size Preferences: An Empirical Study on Rural Households in Shaanxi and Henan Provinces in China. Social indicators research, 129(1), 277–290. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-015-1102-7
Datta, P.B. & Gailey, R. (2012) Empowering Women through Social Entrepreneurship: Case Study of a Women’s Cooperative in India. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 36, 569-587. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2012.00505.x
Dhand, N.K., Khatkar, M.S. (2014). Statulator: An online statistical calculator. Sample Size Calculator for Estimating a Single Proportion. Available at: http://statulator.com/SampleSize/ss1P.html
Doke, P. P., Gothankar, J. S., Pore, P. D., Palkar, S. H., Chutke, A. P., Patil, A. V., Deshpande, A. V., Bhuyan, K. K., Karnataki, M. V., & Shrotri, A. N. (2021). Meager Perception of Preconception Care Among Women Desiring Pregnancy in Rural Areas: A Qualitative Study Using Focus Group Discussions. Frontiers in public health, 9, 689820. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.689820
French, S. A., Tangney, C. C., Crane, M. M., Wang, Y., & Appelhans, B. M. (2019). Nutrition quality of food purchases varies by household income: the SHoPPER study. BMC public health, 19(1), 231. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-6546-2
International labor Organization. Rural Women at Work: Bridging the gaps. (2018). Available at: https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---ed_protect/---protrav/---ilo_aids/documents/publication/wcms_619691.pdf
Kumar A (2013) Women entrepreneurs in a masculine society: inclusive strategy for sustainable outcomes. Int J Organ Anal 21(3):373–384. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-01-2013-0636
Maiti, S., Unisa, S., Agrawal, P.K. (2005). Health care and health among tribal women in Jharkhand: asituational analysis. Stud. Tribes Tribals, 3, 37–46. 10.1080/0972639X.2005.11886518.
Mohandas, S., Amritesh, K., Lais, H., Vasudevan, S., & Ajithakumari, S. (2019). Nutritional Assessment of Tribal Women in Kainatty, Wayanad: A Cross-Sectional Study. Indian journal of community medicine : official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine, 44(Suppl 1), S50–S53. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.IJCM_39_19
Noh, J. W., Kim, K. B., Park, J., Hong, J., & Kwon, Y. D. (2017). Relationship between the number of family members and stress by gender: Cross-sectional analysis of the fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. PloS one, 12(9), e0184235. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0184235
P S. (2019). Socioeconomic determinants of nutritional status among 'Baiga' tribal children In Balaghat district of Madhya Pradesh: A qualitative study. PloS one, 14(11), e0225119. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0225119
Rehman, B., Zafar, M. (2022). Life Satisfaction Among Working and Non-Working Women. Advances in Business and Commerce, 1, 9-17.
Routray, P., Torondel, B., Clasen, T., & Schmidt, W. P. (2017). Women's role in sanitation decision making in rural coastal Odisha, India. PloS one, 12(5), e0178042. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0178042
Senarath, U., & Gunawardena, N. S. (2009). Women's autonomy in decision making for health care in South Asia. Asia-Pacific journal of public health, 21(2), 137–143. https://doi.org/10.1177/1010539509331590
Shui, Y., Xu, D., Liu, Y., & Liu, S. (2020). Work-family balance and the subjective well-being of rural women in Sichuan, China. BMC women's health, 20(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-019-0871-6
USDA. Economic Research Service. U.S. Department of Agriculture. Farm labor. (2023). Available at: https://www.ers.usda.gov/topics/farm-economy/farm-labor/
Uthso, N. A., & Akter, N. J. (2022). Determinants of life satisfaction among women of reproductive age (15-49 years) in Bangladesh: A cross-sectional analysis. PloS one, 17(10), e0276563. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276563
Wei W, Sarker T, Żukiewicz-Sobczak W, Roy R, Alam GMM, Rabbany MG, Hossain MS, Aziz N. The Influence of Women’s Empowerment on Poverty Reduction in the Rural Areas of Bangladesh: Focus on Health, Education and Living Standard. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(13):6909. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18136909

Cite this Article as : Chhabra S & Kumar N (2024), “Wellness, Happiness of Women in Context of Family Structure, Income Generation Activities in Remote Rural, Tribal Communities”, International Journal of Social Sciences & Economic Environment, Vol. 9, Issue1, 2024, pp 01-15, DOI: http://doi.org/10.53882/IJSSEE.2024.0901001

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REFERENCES

Acharya, D. R., Bell, J. S., Simkhada, P., van Teijlingen, E. R., & Regmi, P. R. (2010). Women's autonomy in household decision-making: a demographic study in Nepal. Reproductive health, 7, 15. https://doi.org/10.1186/1742-4755-7-15.
Agrawal, A., & Khare, P. (2019). Social Entrepreneurship in India: Models and Application. In E. Bidet, & J. Defourny (Eds.), Social Enterprise in Asia: Theory, Models and Practice (pp. 56-78). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429265761-4
Biswas, S., Hansda, C.K., Singh, N., Malla, V.R., &Pal, A.K. (2022). Determinants of nutritional status among scheduled tribe women in India. Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health, 17, 101119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cegh.2022.101119.
Cerin, E., Zhang, C. J. P., Mellecker, R. R., Ming, W. K., & Barnett, A. (2023). Socioeconomic characteristics and domestic work as correlates of family satisfaction in Hong Kong mothers of young children. BMC public health, 23(1), 2196. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-17129-x
Chen, J., & Yang, H. (2016). Geographical Mobility, Income, Life Satisfaction and Family Size Preferences: An Empirical Study on Rural Households in Shaanxi and Henan Provinces in China. Social indicators research, 129(1), 277–290. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-015-1102-7
Datta, P.B. & Gailey, R. (2012) Empowering Women through Social Entrepreneurship: Case Study of a Women’s Cooperative in India. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 36, 569-587. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2012.00505.x
Dhand, N.K., Khatkar, M.S. (2014). Statulator: An online statistical calculator. Sample Size Calculator for Estimating a Single Proportion. Available at: http://statulator.com/SampleSize/ss1P.html
Doke, P. P., Gothankar, J. S., Pore, P. D., Palkar, S. H., Chutke, A. P., Patil, A. V., Deshpande, A. V., Bhuyan, K. K., Karnataki, M. V., & Shrotri, A. N. (2021). Meager Perception of Preconception Care Among Women Desiring Pregnancy in Rural Areas: A Qualitative Study Using Focus Group Discussions. Frontiers in public health, 9, 689820. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.689820
French, S. A., Tangney, C. C., Crane, M. M., Wang, Y., & Appelhans, B. M. (2019). Nutrition quality of food purchases varies by household income: the SHoPPER study. BMC public health, 19(1), 231. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-6546-2
International labor Organization. Rural Women at Work: Bridging the gaps. (2018). Available at: https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---ed_protect/---protrav/---ilo_aids/documents/publication/wcms_619691.pdf
Kumar A (2013) Women entrepreneurs in a masculine society: inclusive strategy for sustainable outcomes. Int J Organ Anal 21(3):373–384. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-01-2013-0636
Maiti, S., Unisa, S., Agrawal, P.K. (2005). Health care and health among tribal women in Jharkhand: asituational analysis. Stud. Tribes Tribals, 3, 37–46. 10.1080/0972639X.2005.11886518.
Mohandas, S., Amritesh, K., Lais, H., Vasudevan, S., & Ajithakumari, S. (2019). Nutritional Assessment of Tribal Women in Kainatty, Wayanad: A Cross-Sectional Study. Indian journal of community medicine : official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine, 44(Suppl 1), S50–S53. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.IJCM_39_19
Noh, J. W., Kim, K. B., Park, J., Hong, J., & Kwon, Y. D. (2017). Relationship between the number of family members and stress by gender: Cross-sectional analysis of the fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. PloS one, 12(9), e0184235. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0184235
P S. (2019). Socioeconomic determinants of nutritional status among 'Baiga' tribal children In Balaghat district of Madhya Pradesh: A qualitative study. PloS one, 14(11), e0225119. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0225119
Rehman, B., Zafar, M. (2022). Life Satisfaction Among Working and Non-Working Women. Advances in Business and Commerce, 1, 9-17.
Routray, P., Torondel, B., Clasen, T., & Schmidt, W. P. (2017). Women's role in sanitation decision making in rural coastal Odisha, India. PloS one, 12(5), e0178042. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0178042
Senarath, U., & Gunawardena, N. S. (2009). Women's autonomy in decision making for health care in South Asia. Asia-Pacific journal of public health, 21(2), 137–143. https://doi.org/10.1177/1010539509331590
Shui, Y., Xu, D., Liu, Y., & Liu, S. (2020). Work-family balance and the subjective well-being of rural women in Sichuan, China. BMC women's health, 20(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-019-0871-6
USDA. Economic Research Service. U.S. Department of Agriculture. Farm labor. (2023). Available at: https://www.ers.usda.gov/topics/farm-economy/farm-labor/
Uthso, N. A., & Akter, N. J. (2022). Determinants of life satisfaction among women of reproductive age (15-49 years) in Bangladesh: A cross-sectional analysis. PloS one, 17(10), e0276563. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276563
Wei W, Sarker T, Żukiewicz-Sobczak W, Roy R, Alam GMM, Rabbany MG, Hossain MS, Aziz N. The Influence of Women’s Empowerment on Poverty Reduction in the Rural Areas of Bangladesh: Focus on Health, Education and Living Standard. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18(13):6909. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18136909

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